OSA or PDPM? A State-Level Decision

by | Nov 1, 2023 | MDS Data Elements, Reimbursement

Explore More Posts from MDS Consultants

As of Oct. 1, 2023, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) has retired the A0300 Optional State Assessment (OSA) from the federally required MDS 3.0 v1.18.11 that is submitted by nursing facilities. The OSA is now a separate optional MDS assessment that may be completed at the discretion of each state’s government. The OSA is used by State Medicaid Agencies to calculate a case-mix score. States have the option to utilize the OSA for the collection of RUGS data pertinent to the calculation of a Case Mix Index Score and SNF Medicaid Reimbursement. Most states that utilize a Case Mix Index in their SNF Medicaid reimbursement methodology are opting to use the OSA.

What is the OSA?

The OSA is a 20-page assessment that utilizes RUG (Resource Utilization Group) III and RUG IV case-mix groups. With the updated MDS 3.0 RAI User’s Manual v1.18.11, several sections and items have been removed – including A0300, D0200, D0300, G0110, K0510, O0100, O0450, O0600, O0700, and X0570. These items were used to calculate the RUG III and IV case mix groups.

What does this mean for nursing facilities?

State Medicaid Agencies had to decide their course of action on or before Oct. 1, 2023. Therefore, nursing facilities must now determine which payment system their state chose: (a) the OSA for Medicaid reimbursement or (b) a transition to PDPM (Patient Driven Payment Model) using the MDS 3.0 v1.18.11 for reimbursement.

Not only have states had to determine their use of the OSA, but also the accompanying OSA requirements of completion. States could, for instance, require with each federal OBRA MDS completion (such as a comprehensive, quarterly, or significant correction of comprehensive and quarterly assessment) that an OSA needs to be completed using the same ARD (Assessment Reference Date).

For example, North Carolina now requires (effective 10/1/23) the completion of an OSA with each federal OBRA and PPS assessment. OSAs must be completed concurrently with the OBRA and PPS assessments, and not be completed as “stand alone” assessments. The OSA is required to be submitted along with the federal OBRA and or PPS assessment to the iQies/ASAP system regardless of payor source (this would not include managed care or insurance).

If the OSA is not set for the same date as the federal OBRA MDS, the assessment may be deemed delinquent. If this is the case, the assessment would be excluded from MDS processing, would not be included in the Case Mix Index, and would not figure into the facility’s Medicaid reimbursement. In this example, if an OSA is submitted without a federally required assessment then the OSA will not be considered for valid reimbursement.

What should nursing facilities be doing now?

Nursing facilities should stay in contact with their state RAI (Resident Assessment Instrument) Coordinator and/or State Medicaid Agency for instructions regarding the changes that went into effect Oct. 1, 2023. They must understand the requirements related to the completion of an OSA or the transition to PDPM in order to be compliant for MDS completion and submissions – which can ultimately impact their reimbursement.

Nursing facilities need to monitor their software for errors and glitches that can affect MDS completion requirements and coding. The facility should assign a person responsible for contacting the state RAI Coordinator (such as the Nurse Assessment Coordinator) and stay up to date with monitoring updates from the State Medicaid Agency. The Nurse Assessment Coordinator and other members of the IDT (Interdisciplinary Team) should continue with ongoing education, and training within a facility should be required as the processes change frequently. The nursing facilities can continue to monitor the transition within the facility using a systematic process through their QAPI/QAA process.

    More Resources

    Explore More Posts from MDS Consultants

    Reimbursement Concerns

    Maximizing Case Mix with Special Programs: Respiratory Therapy and Restorative Nursing

    Case mix is essential in skilled nursing facilities as it impacts both reimbursement and the care provided. Two key programs that significantly impact case mix scores when properly implemented and documented are Respiratory Therapy and Restorative Nursing. Both...

    Strategic Admissions: The Path to Optimized Medicaid Reimbursement

    Medicaid reimbursement plays a significant role in the financial health of long-term care facilities, particularly those serving a high percentage of Medicaid residents. While it may not be the sole source of revenue, it is an important component that supports the...

    Interim Payment Assessment (IPA) – To do or not to do?

    The Patient-Driven Payment Model took effect in October of 2019. Along with this change came the optional IPA. We are now five years into this change and questions still arise on when to complete an IPA. The decision of when to complete lies with the team at the...

    Resident Interviews – What are you doing to capture the data?

    Effective October 1, 2023, several resident interviews were added to or updated on the MDS. Interview items in Section A and changes to the interviews in Section D, J, and Q have been implemented. Each of the interviews can be a great steppingstone in your path to...

    Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) – A Global Initiative Important to Skilled Nursing Providers

    The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services’ (CMS) Office of Mental Health report CMS Framework for Health Equity 2022 and 2032 states that health equity is defined by the attainment of the highest level of health for all people, where everyone has a fair and...

    Read more on Toolbox Essentials

    SNF Physician Certifications for Medical Review

    One of the requirements of payment is a valid Physicians Certification for Medicare part A services. If SNF certifications and re-certifications are not completed and signed following CMS regulations, then the facility is at risk of losing payment for an entire claim...

    Focused Infection Control Surveys and Directed Plan of Correction

    It's a dreary Monday morning, and the state surveyors walk into your facility to conduct a Focused Infection Control survey. You and your team have been trying your hardest to comply with infection control procedures throughout the pandemic. At the end of the survey,...

    New Advanced Beneficiary Notice

    Is your facility using the proper ABN form? The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) recently updated the Advanced Beneficiary Notice of Noncoverage (ABN), Form CMS-R-131. The new ABN will be mandatory for use on 1/1/2021, but the new form can be...

    Covid-19 and Skilled Status

    In late June, CMS addressed two issues and posted MDS 3.0 Final Item Sets (V1.17.2).  The two edits were changes to facilitate the calculation of Patient-Driven Payment Model payment codes on OBRA assessments for states that wish to have this calculation performed. ...

    Mind Your PHQs

    Some skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) are concerned about accurate payment when a resident unexpectedly discharges and the Brief Interview for Mental Status (BIMS) has not yet been completed.However, they should be just as concerned about the PHQ-9. The PHQ-9...

    MORE from MDS Experts

    Internet Quality Improvement and Evaluation System (iQIES): A New Age

    Just when we thought we had a handle on QIES (Quality Improvement and Evaluation System), the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) transitioned to the Internet Quality Improvement and Evaluation System (iQIES) in 2023.   Reports and Roles Reports...

    A Significant Change in Status Assessment – There are Options

    The Resident Assessment Instrument (RAI) system includes a significant change in status assessment (SCSA). What might be forgotten is the State Operation Manual (SOM), Appendix PP, includes information that mirrors the RAI manual at 42 CFR §483.20(b)(2)(ii), F637 -...

    Interim Payment Assessment (IPA) – To do or not to do?

    The Patient-Driven Payment Model took effect in October of 2019. Along with this change came the optional IPA. We are now five years into this change and questions still arise on when to complete an IPA. The decision of when to complete lies with the team at the...

    Resident Interviews – What are you doing to capture the data?

    Effective October 1, 2023, several resident interviews were added to or updated on the MDS. Interview items in Section A and changes to the interviews in Section D, J, and Q have been implemented. Each of the interviews can be a great steppingstone in your path to...

    Section GG Documentation – Questions Still Abound

    Section GG remains a popular discussion topic among the Nurse Assessment Coordinator (NAC) and other members of the interdisciplinary team (IDT). Many have questioned their own practices and processes, designed to support coding this section of the MDS. CMS states in...